Price Matter At Customers Drugs And Treatment For...

Prices matter to customers. Donna Scrivens*, a 39-year-old deli owner living with Multiple Sclerosis, knows this as well as anyone does. Last August, when Scrivens was forced to raise prices on her ever-popular breakfast egg sandwiches, customers turned to alternatives. â€Å"Even some of the regulars stopped coming. People notice, and they have other options.† So why isn’t this also true for big pharma? As a consultant to pharmaceutical companies for three years, I talked to people afflicted with disease – like Donna – about affordability of their treatments. For some of the newest treatments on the market, drug prices, and subsequently patient costs, have reached unsustainably high levels. There is no denying that drug development has improved the lives of patients. â€Å"Rational drug design†, the process of developing medications based on the identification of a specific biological target, has produced promising new medications. For instance, Gleevec (imatinib) is a treatment for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML). In contrast to many chemotherapy agents which have a relatively non-specific impact on rapidly-dividing cancer cell and on the body’s healthy cells, Gleevec targets the disease itself. Drugs like Gleevec have significantly prolonged the lives of patients afflicted with diseases once thought to be deadly and incurable. But a drug is useless if people can’t afford it. Particularly in the last ten years, representatives of the pharmaceutical industry have provided a

Essay on The Impact of Ideologies on the French Revolution

The Impact of Ideologies on the French Revolution The ‘San Culottes’, were starving while the wealthy monarchy were living it up and enjoying a luxurious life. Louis the sixteenth was in power at this period, and was decreasing the Royal finances at a dramatic rate. It was quite possible he was unaware how the rest of society was living. He had no contact with lower classes and it is quite possible he was totally oblivious to the suffering he was causing. These peasant classes decided they were going to object to the way they were being forced to live, and this is how the revolution came about. There was no planing behind the revolution and these people were unaware of the effect it would†¦show more content†¦The social structure was divided among three groups, the first estate, which was the church, second estate represents the nobles and the commoners made up third estate. Each social group had varied type of people within their structure, which were supposed to represent the different views of people. When the king invited his subjects to express their opinions, about this great event, â€Å"hundreds did so†¦.. and here the liberal or ‘patriot’ ideology of 1789 first began to take shape†. (C/H French revolution). Louis the sixteenth had tried to ignore the third estates vote, and was convinced the upper two chambers would out weigh them, if this had of been so, he could have ruled the government the way he wished. This was to be proven a major error in his thinking. â€Å"The third Estate took a decisive revolutionary step by proclaiming its conversion into a National Assembly†. (C/H French revolution). The Royal government, knew at this early stage they were getting nowhere, and there was to be no turning back for these newly empowered people. At this point it became a popular revolution. The Paris Commune was established and the National Assembly continued to meet with the realisation that they needed to meet the needs of the masses, their main objective was for liberty, equality andShow MoreRelatedRole of Ideas in the French and Russian Revolutions1432 Words   |  6 PagesCount: 1511 How important was the role of ideas in the outbreak of revolution? When comparing the French Revolution of 1789 and Russian October Revolution of 1917, a series of parallels become evident. Both revolutionary groups became determined with an extensive emergence of new ideas, which captured a strong majority of the respective populations. The importance of the ideas was critical to maintaining a drive for the revolutions considering they acted as a manifestation of what the public and theRead MoreThe French Revolution1575 Words   |  7 Pagesrule, France was working to free itself from royal absolutism. This period is historically known as the French Revolution. Many scholars do not agree on the chronology of the French Revolution; some scholars suggest that the Revolution took place between 1789 to 1799 while others feel that it did not end until Napoleon lost power in 1815. To better understand the history of the French Revolution it is necessary to discuss the causes, major events, significant figures, and the outcomes associated withRead MoreIm pact Of The French Revolution1428 Words   |  6 Pages The French Revolution became an exceedingly prominent aspect of the way the citizens of France viewed their ruling powers and helped aid the shift on how the government distinctly ruled over the people of the country. This empowering Revolution used the ideologies of the Enlightenment Era to help fuel their reasons for rebellion. In contribution to the Enlightenment and the various ideas that were created throughout its spread were the concepts that were formed by English philosopher John LockeRead MoreReligious, Social, Philosophical, And Political Upheaval1394 Words   |  6 Pageslevel, Enlightenment ideas emphasizing human reason brought about a new epistemological ideology, called deism (Duiker, 463). While this previously unfamiliar philosophy failed to replace the dominant Protestant or Catholic religions of established nations, revolutionist movements toward the end of the 1700s fully embraced deism. In fact, leaders of both the American (1776-1781) and French (1789-1815) revolutions saw these ideals as the basis for the creation of new governments (Duiker, 468; 472).Read MoreThe American Revolution1472 Words   |  6 PagesThe complexities leading up to the great schisms of the American Revolution, demonstrate the long downward spiral of British control in North America. This unraveling of relations began after the French and Indian War, aided by many costly decisions made by the British Parliament and individuals of power in the colonies. Although many factors after the French and Indian War effected the American revolution: The Treaty of Paris in 1763, proclamation line, and a staggering war debt accumulated throughoutRead MoreThe Taiping Rebellion And The French Revolution1685 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout history, rebellions and revolutions shaped societies and created better conditions for the people of those societies. The Taiping Rebellion and the French Revolution successfully shape d their societies by means of political and social reforms. They were both influenced to later achieve their unique successes because of a multitude of pushing factors, such as the existing social and political conditions of China and France. 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The French revolution playing a role in furthering Enlightenment, will led to a chain of events that will changeRead MoreEssay on French Revolution and the Creation of the National Assembly 792 Words   |  4 PagesThe French Revolution and the creation of the National Assembly Introduction The French Revolution was a critical era in the history of France and Europe that radically transformed the social and political aspects of the nation from the ancient monarchy system of government and feudal system, to the introduction of democracy. The French people drew their motivation from the American people who had already achieved the democratic institutions. As such, the Enlightenment age compelled individuals toRead MoreFemale Dominance And Grisly Details Of The Haitian Revolution857 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Haitian Revolution. Unfortunately, the contributions of women in the Haitian Revolution are often overlooked by historians due to the horrors of the revolution. The few more works that do exist about women discuss their roles in slavery and their resistance in the Haitian Revolution. In recent years, some scholars are challenging the lack of women representation in the Haitian War of Independence. Scholars like Philippe Girard are dissecting historical texts to examine the impact of women inRead MoreFrench Revolution- Reign of Terror1140 Words   |  5 Pagesnecessary means for the government. The purpose was to eradicate France of enemies of the revolution and to protect the country from foreign invaders. Over the course of nine months, seventeen thousand people were guillotined. This set the course for change and continuity with the struggle for control between the interactions of groups in France. The results that the Reign of Terror had on Europe would have impacts on international relations during war. Although the of Reign of Terror was a horrendous

Bias in Abstinence-Only Education Free Essays

In addition to being an ineffective deterrent to unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, abstinence only education prevents young women from making well informed decisions about their sexuality. Cases of teen pregnancy and STD/HIV infections is on the rise despite the government allocating funds for abstinence only programs. This paper seeks to look at the government policies with regard to abstinence-only education programs and its relationship with unwanted pregnancies. We will write a custom essay sample on Bias in Abstinence-Only Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is a known fact that sexual abstinence is being practiced in all countries in the world as a sure way of preventing sexually transmitted diseases and pregnancy. Men and women of all ages who are not ready to accept the risks that accompany sexual activity embrace abstinence which is a normal and acceptable practice. As a way of expressing love, affection and tenderness, majority resort to intercourse and sexual activity. Sex is also being used by couples to strengthen their relationships. However, it has often been argued that using sex to cement relationships can distort one’s judgment. Among women, having sex may strengthen the feeling of love but do not actually cement or deepen the relationship. Exploring sexual behavior within an environment of deep commitment where having children is considered as a possibility is always rewarding. Majority of people are however not prepared for commitment hence opt for abstinence until they develop a stable relationship. Abstinence is 100% effective in protecting an individual from sexually transmitted. However, if the majority of the population could realize its effectiveness, then we would not be having such headlines like the ones we have seen in the past of teen births being on the rise. However, abstinence is not an easy practice considering how strong sexual drives are among humans. The rate of teen births steadily declined since 1991 and this could have been because of the intensive educational campaigns that were initiated during that period. These campaigns included encouraging people to use contraceptives and condoms and enlightening people on the risks of Aids and sexually transmitted diseases. However, today statistics now show an increase by 3% in teen births the first time ever in 14 years. (Wilson, Kelly, Patricia,2005) Is it that the sex education programs that the government adopted are no longer working? The government has tried to show some effort in curbing STDs and unwanted pregnancies. The first federal abstinence-only program was enacted in 1981 and this was designed primarily to support pregnant and parenting teenagers. This came through the adolescent Family Life Act which was also passed the same year. AFLA also funded â€Å"abstinence-only† programs meant to encourage responsibility and self discipline among teenagers (Abstinence Only Programs 2008, p. 2). Abstinence-only program’s purpose was to teach the general population and especially the teenagers how they stand to gain from abstinence. It also sought to teach abstinence from pre-marital to all schooling children. The abstinence-only program was supposed to teach the values of abstinence with regard to unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. According to this program, the expected standard of human sexual activity revolved around a mutually faithful monogamous relationship. However, with all these well clarified goals, current scientific research shows that this program is ineffective. A study of ‘abstinence-only-until marriages’ program inferred that the classes fail to serve its goal of delaying the onset of sexual activity the young people. An evaluation of 11 of these programs showed that they do not have a lasting positive effect on the asexual behavior of young people (Ibid 4). Instead of a positive effect on the young people they showed a negative willingness to use contraceptive because the program emphasized on contraceptive failure. It has often been reiterated that abstinence-only programs endanger the youths because adolescents are denied complete information. These programs fail to provide contraception information and in some cases, they have been accused of providing wrong information which may lead to youths forgoing contraceptive use. Teens are exposed to pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases because of lack of responsible sex education. Only safer sex intervention can reduce unprotected sexual intercourse as compared to abstinence only programs. The Federal Fund for abstinence -only programs have negatively influenced schools. Avery good example involves the Gloucester High school in Massachusetts with the summer vacations beginning 17 girls at the school are expecting babies (Kathleen Kingsbury, Wednesday June 18, 2008). This proves further the failure of the program to curb pre-marital pregnancies. In order to reduce the prevalence of this at the school a local pediatrician advocated for the prescription of contraceptives. However, this has been met with hostility. Amazingly it is the desire of these teens to get pregnant and this only proves how distorted their perception towards life is. An effective sex education program should include teaching teenagers about abstinence even though it is not sufficient in itself. A complete and accurate information about reproductive health should be the core of teenage education. This should include abstinence prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV and above all prevention of pregnancy. Teenagers can only make informed and appropriate decisions if they have access to reliable information about their productive health. Cases like the one at Gloucester High School can only be prevented through enlightening the students on the dangers involved in early pregnancy. Schools should be at the forefront in teaching the science behind sex and factually based reproductive health education. However, much of the sex education should be done at home and young girls should be at the core of advice into the dangers of playing with boys. They should be taught the virtues of responsibility and accountability so they may grow up with the full knowledge of the science of reproduction and its purpose. Work Cited Abstinence Only Programs, Center for Gender Studies. 2005 Kingsbury, Kathleen. Pregnancy Boom at Gloucester High. â€Å"Time†. Wednesday June 18, 2008 Wilson, Kelly L. Goodson, Patricia Pruit. â€Å"A review of 21 curricula for abstinence-only-until-marriage programs. â€Å", Journal of School Health, March 2005 Issue How to cite Bias in Abstinence-Only Education, Papers

Gandhi Essay Research Paper Mohandas K GandhiSatyagraha free essay sample

Gandhi Essay, Research Paper Mohandas K. Gandhi Satyagraha means # 8220 ; force or soundness of truth # 8221 ; . ( www.engagedpage.com ) Mohandas K. Gandhi worked and lived by this word. By peaceable, non-violent presentations he small by small took clasp of the people of India # 8217 ; s love and honour and liberate them from British regulation. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in Poorbandar, Gujarat, a part of Queen Victoria in West India. He was the boy of Karamchand Gandhi, the main curate of Poorbandar, and his 4th married woman, Putlibai, a profoundly spiritual Hindu. From her he formed a deep belief in non-violence. As he grew, Mohandas became a little, diffident and scraggy male child, afraid of others # 8217 ; sentiments. He neer spoke out, but although he was neer a clever kid, others were surprised by his gradualness. At the age of 13, he was married to Kastaurbai, a reasonably yet strongwilled miss of the same caste. He would now populate with his married woman, alternatively of his female parent and male parent whom he had cared for so long. ( Britannica # 8217 ; s Junior Encyclopedia, 1980, p.257 ) Before this, Mohandas had told prevarications, had smoked, and had eaten meat, which was purely out of Hindus. Now, all of a sudden, he felt guilty and that he had hurt himself and in some ways those who he cared for. So, in despair, he told his male parent, and they cried together. One twelvemonth subsequently Mohandes # 8217 ; father Karamchand Gandhi died. Mohandas was 16 when his male parent passed off. At 18 he traveled to England to analyze jurisprudence and in secret to see for himself what made the English so powerful. He enrolled in a college of jurisprudence but quit after one term. He felt that he didn # 8217 ; t tantrum in, so he studied the # 8221 ; Standard Elocutionist # 8221 ; for usage and cognition of proper etiquette. After a piece he quit this besides because he saw no usage any longer. Discontinuing became a popular subject in his early life. Sometimes he discontinue because he was bored with something and merely grew out of it, or sometimes when he merely couldn # 8217 ; t carry through anything. He did non discontinue everything though. He worked at some things if he thought that it would in some manner help him. He studied stuff on Common A ; Roman Torahs and had to go through major tests on it. ( Reynolds, The True Story of Gandhi, pp.87-88, 1964 ) At 19 his household sent him to London to analyze jurisprudence at the Inner Temple. ( www.engagedpage.com ) H e was non a really distinguished or even good one at first. On his return to India in 1891 he was unable to happen a suited occupation, so he accepted a twelvemonth # 8217 ; s contract in Natal, South Africa, from 1893. Having suffered the humiliation of racial bias at that place for the first clip in his life, he was persuaded to stay in South Africa to oppose the measure which would non let Indians of the right to vote. His mission was non wholly successful, but he was smart in conveying the flight of Indians in South Africa to the attending for the universe ; and in so making launched himself as a certain political candidate. He remained in South Africa for 20 old ages, opposing farther racial ideas by agencies of non-violent rebelliousness. His jurisprudence pattern funded his civil activities and, with the support of his married woman, he threw his place unfastened to political friends. During the Boer War ( 1899-1902 ) he helped the British by raising an Ambulance Corps of more than 1000 Indians, for which he was awarded the War Medal. Gandhi returned to India in 1914 and, while back uping the British in World War 1, took an increasing involvement in Home Rule for India. He became a major influence in the National Congress motion ( which had been formed in 1885 ) , reshaping it, and going an international political figure of his coevals. His policies remained unchanged: non-violent, non-cooperation to accomplish independency. ( Life of Gandhi, 1977, pp.76-78 ) However, following his civil noncompliance run, during which British soldiers killed about 400 people at the Amritsar Massacre ( 1919 ) , he was jailed for confederacy for two old ages. ( Microsoft Encarta, 1997 ) On his release, the Hindu and Muslim people of the Congress Party were warring. Reasoning with them proved pointless and, in an effort to reconstruct the non-violent run, Gandhi underto ok a much-publicized personal fast for three hebdomads. . He fought for equality for all. He led Indian workers against other Indians in a cotton factory work stoppage that was successful. Mohandes besides worked to demo that the â€Å"untouchables† ( really hapless and supposedly dirty people ) were the same as everyone else. He did this by life every bit merely as they did and sometimes with them. It neer rather did work out the job, but it did assist. Gandhi’s impact on other occurred in many ways but all of them good During his life many loved him and others respected him for his Crusades for peace. His followings loved him, but about to the point of worship, and that he genuinely hated. ( Mohandas K. Gandhi, 1975, pp. 102-103 ) By 1928 he was back at the caput of the Congress Party, and in 1930 launched his dramatic onslaught on the unrealistic salt revenue enhancements, taking a 200 stat mi March to the sea to roll up salt, instead than purchase so he and his followings could demo symbolic rebelliousness of the authorities monopoly. More than 60,000 were imprisoned and he was arrested once more. ( www.Biography.com ) On his release in 1931, he negotiated a armistice between Congress and the authorities, and traveled to London to go to the Round Table Conference on Indian constitutional reform. Back in India, he renewed the civil noncompliance run and was arrested again- the form, along with his # 8220 ; fasts unto decease, # 8221 ; of his political activity continued for the following six old ages. He helped in the devising of the constitutional via media of 1937, under which Congress curates accepted office in the new legislative assemblies. At the eruption of World War 2, convinced that merely a free India could give Britain effectual support, he urged complete independency more and more strongly. In August 1942 he was arrested for agring in civil noncompliance action to blockade the war attempt, and non released until May 1944. ( Britannica # 8217 ; s Junior Encyclopedia, 1980, pp. 111-113 ) Two old ages subsequently Gandhi negotiated with the British Cabinet Mission which recommended the repair of the fundamental law, seeking to stop the war of India and Pakistan. Although defeated that India was non united in its freedom, he agreed to Britain # 8217 ; s determination to allow India independency as # 8220 ; the noblest act of the British nation. # 8221 ; His last months were darkened by uninterrupted discord between Hindu and Muslim. ( Microsoft Encarta, 1997 ) However, at the age of 79 a Hindu overzealous, Nathuram Godse assassinated him in Delhi, on January 30 1948. ( www.Biography.com ) Gandhi, no affair how much they hated this, wanted peace between the Muslims and the Hindus. Their faiths were ever against each other and were contending. The Hindus thought that Gandhi was going a treasonist and siding with the Muslims. This was far from the truth- Gandhi was merely looking for peace. He felt strongly about this and was, unluckily, the cause of his blackwash. The whole universe mourned for Gandhi, a adult male who had no authorization in authorities, but decidedly had earned the regard and most significantly, the love of his people. Showing love and humanity through peaceable Acts of the Apostless, he became good known and good liked. ( Reynolds, 1964, pp. 104-106 ) In his life-time, Mahatma # 8220 ; the great psyche # 8221 ; Gandhi was known as a moral instructor, a reformist who sought an India as a state free from philistinism, and a dedicated nationalist. In Asia peculiarly he has been regarded as a great influence for peace, whose instructions held a message non merely for India, but besides for the universe. Bibliography # 183 ; Attenborough, Richard. # 8220 ; Mahatma Gandhi # 8221 ; . www.Engagedpage.com # 183 ; Chester, Christopher. Mohandas Gandhi. Britannica # 8217 ; s Junior Encyclopedia. ( Vol. 6 ) . Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, 1980. # 183 ; Johnson, Alex. Mohandas K. Gandhi. New York: William Morrow, 1975. # 183 ; Martins, Richard. Life of Gandhi. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977. # 183 ; # 8220 ; Mohandas Gandhi # 8221 ; . www.Biography.com. # 183 ; # 8220 ; Mohandas Gandhi # 8221 ; . Microsoft Encarta Electronic Encyclopedia. Microsoft Electronic Publishing, 1997. # 183 ; Reynolds, Reginald. The True Story of Gandhi, Man of Peace. Chicago: Children # 8217 ; s Press, 1964.